A hernia, characterized by a bulging or swelling in the groin due to weakened abdominal muscles, forms a sac that allows intestinal or abdominal tissue to protrude. Typically painless, hernias can be present from birth (congenital) or develop over time (acquired), requiring surgical intervention as they do not resolve naturally.

The key symptom is a noticeable bulge during standing or coughing, which often disappears when lying down. While hernias are usually painless, discomfort may occur during activities like lifting heavy objects, coughing, or straining during urination or bowel movements. Severe pain, redness, and tenderness indicate potential obstruction, necessitating immediate surgery. Hernias develop in areas of natural weakness in the abdominal wall due to factors such as strain, aging, injury, previous surgeries, or congenital predisposition. Anyone, regardless of age, can be affected, with congenital hernias prevalent in children and acquired hernias influenced by factors like heavy lifting and persistent coughing in adults.

Why Need Surgery

• Discomfort/ Gets in the way of your daily living
• Pain on Physical Activity/Becomes painful
• If you wait too long, your hernia may grow larger and be harder to repair
• Irreducible-swelling not going back
• Obstruction: Flow in the intestine will stop because of bowel getting trapped in hernial sac

21 years of Experience of Hernia Surgeries with negligible complications. Invented Techniques of Inverted Stitch for inguinal hernia surgery to reduce chances of Stitch Granuloma and reduce postoperative pain. Laparoscopic and Open Techniques (equally Good, Effective & Similar result with expert hands) Primary and Recurrent OR Simple and Complicated

Surgical Spectrum

Surgery is the sole treatment for hernias, available through open or laparoscopic approaches. Both approaches are equally good and similar results with expert hands. The traditional method involves an incision in the groin, potentially using surgical mesh for repair. Laparoscopic hernia repair, conducted from behind the abdominal wall, utilizes a surgical mesh, offering a quicker recovery and reduced post-operative discomfort. Trusses are generally ineffective and not recommended.

1. Inguinal Hernia
   • Open Lichtenstein Mesh Repair
   • Primary Repair or Desaaradas Repair
   • Laparoscopic TEP/eTEP or TAPP Repair
   • Mesh is always part of all hernia surgery unless it’s pediatric (children <12 yrs old) patients
2. Umbilical Hernia/ Paraumbilical Hernia
   • Open Mesh Repair* (Pre-peritoneal/TARM)
   • * Personally, I don’t prefer Subcutaneous mesh repair because it carries high chances of Infection and Complications)
   • Laparoscopic eTEP or Laparoscopic IPOM Plus Repair
3. Ventral Hernia/ Epigastric Hernias
   • Open Pre-peritoneal Repair
   • Open Patch Repair
   • Open TARM Repair
   • Laparoscopic IPOM Plus repair
4. Incisional Hernia
   • Pre peritoneal repair
   • TARM or TAR Surgery
   • Laparoscopic IPOM Plus Surgery.

Complications of Laparoscopic Hernia Repair

Usually, complications are rare with expert surgeons. Complications, such as bleeding and infection, are uncommon with laparoscopic hernia repair. Seroma can develop after surgery. Rare instances may involve injury to nearby structures. Postoperatively, patients should refrain from eating or drinking, shower beforehand, and discuss discontinuing certain medications with the surgeon.

Post-Surgery Expectations

After surgery, patients are monitored until fully awake, then encouraged to move and may be transferred to the ward. Gradual resumption of normal activities, including showering, driving, walking, lifting, work, and sexual intercourse, is anticipated, particularly with laparoscopic hernia repair. Heavy weight lifting for 6 months and weight lifting for 2 months should be avoided after surgery.